Because of the central role of Pim-1 in FLT3-ITD signaling [17, 18], and the ability of Pim kinase inhibitors to sensitize FLT3-ITD AML cells to FLT3 inhibitor-induced apoptosis [17, 18, 24, 33], we investigated the effects of Pim kinase inhibition on apoptosis induction by chemotherapy drugs in FLT3-ITD AML cells. The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.