CCND1 and leukemia: Zhang et al have previously demonstrated that fenretinide was able to affect Wnt signaling, showing that in treated leukemia stem cells, 4-HPR suppressed β-catenin, its directly associated transcription factor LEF1, the Wnt pathway activators MYCN and PRKCH, and the Wnt target genes CCND1 and c-MYC [80].