IKKα plus IKKβ overexpression accelerated the growth of liver cancer stem cells to a significantly greater extent when compared with the other cells (P<0.05 or 0.01), as well as single IKKγ overexpression inhibited the growth of liver cancer stem cells compared with the other cells (P<0.05 or 0.01) (Figure 1C). Here, CHUK is linked to liver cancer.