Infection of larvae expressing a RNA encoding a fusion between zebrafish pro-IL-1β and GLuc (zfiGLuc) resulted in increased luciferase activity independently of Asc (assayed in Asc-deficient fish) and caspase-1 activity (assayed in the presence of caspase-1 or pan-caspase inhibitors; Supplementary Fig. 9A). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is infection.