Nucleic acid binding receptors such as TLR7 and TLR9 are crucial in SLE, promoting the production of IFN-1 through plasmacytoid dendritic cells and activating autoreactive B cells (Cao et al., 2008; Green and Marshak-Rothstein, 2011). The gene discussed is TLR9; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.