In our study, four potentially functional SNPs (rs15705, rs235768, rs235769, and rs3178250) in the BMP2 gene were chosen and investigated in a case-control study of 335 tooth agenesis cases and 444 controls to clarify their associations with non-syndromic tooth agenesis as well as specific types and severity of tooth agenesis. The gene discussed is BMP2; the disease is tooth agenesis.