MANF and type 1 diabetes mellitus: The average (median) concentration of serum MANF in T1D, autoantibody-positive and autoantibody-negative group was 11.1 ± 7.5 (9.5), 7.5 ± 3.8 (6.1) and 7.2 ± 2.8 (7.0) ng/ml, respectively (Table 2; Fig. 2a).