Non-traditional risk factors may play a role in the development and progression of CKD in stroke patients; these factors may include high salt intake [24, 25], activation of the sympathetic nerve system [24, 26], neuro- or systemic inflammation [27–29], increased plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity [30, 31], infection [32] and oxidative stress [33]. The gene discussed is SERPINE1; the disease is Stroke.