In monocytes from MS patients, Methanobrevibacter and Akkermansia had positive correlations with MAPK14, MAPK1, LTBR, STAT5B, CASP1 and HLA-DRB1, while Butyricimonas had negative correlations with these genes, which are implicated in dendritic cell maturation, IFN signalling and TREM signalling pathways. This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and myeloid sarcoma.