One of the most significant recent developments in the field of KC genetics is the identification of polymorphisms in the LOX (collagen crosslinking enzyme lysyl oxidase) gene that is potentially responsible for a linkage signal at the 5q32-q33 chromosomal region identified by a two-stage GWLS using hundreds of polymorphic microsatellite markers (state-of-the-art-technology available at the time) and the nonparametric method of analysis [25]. This evidence concerns the gene LOX and keratoconus.