In the ATPase and ND1 genes, 6 non-synonymous and 6 synonymous substitutions were found and out of these, 3 non-synonymous and 2 synonymous were not previously reported in the literature or the public mtDNA mutation databases (mtDBase:http://www.genpat.uu.se/mtDB/index.html; MITOMAP:http://mitomap.org/ MITOMAP) related with diabetes (Table 1). The gene discussed is MT-ND1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.