Importantly, the tumours recapitulated the histopathology and gene expression signatures of human GBM, including presence of necrosis, neovascularization, nestin and Sox2 expression and a strong enrichment in the Verhaak mesenchymal subtype gene signature (Figure 1a–d and Figure 1—figure supplement 1e) (Kleihues, 2000; Verhaak et al., 2010). This evidence concerns the gene NES and neoplasm.