Chronic kidney disease is characterized by interstitial macrophage infiltration, and these macrophages can synthetize and secrete several molecules related to fibrogenesis, such as fibroblast growth factors or cytokines (TGF-β, TNFα, IFN-γ), enzymes (e.g., ACE, plasminogen activators, collagenases) and their inhibitors (like tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs)), matrix proteins (e.g., collagen, fibronectin, thrombospondin), and many other complement proteins, bioactive lipids, ROS, etc. [77]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.