For UCP2, the I allele was associated with significantly higher sACE activity in both the HMAR study (25·8 ± 8·3 vs. 29·2 ± 10·3 vs. 29·9 ± 7·3 nmol his‐leu/ml/min for DD vs. DI vs. II, linear trend P = 0·04; I allele vs. DD homozygotes P = 0·02) and T1DM study (49·9 ± 15·5 vs. 50·5 ± 17·6 vs. 60·4 ± 24·2 nmol his‐leu/ml/min; P = 0·04 analysis of variance [ANOVA]). The gene discussed is UCP2; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.