RIPK3 and neoplasm: Consistent with the data that β-catenin is strongly translocated to the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of IECs in tumors of Ripk3−/− mice (Figure 4D), levels of phosphorylated-AKT on serine residue 473 (pAKTS473) dramatically increased in tumor IECs of Ripk3−/− mice but to a much lesser extent in WT mice (Figure 5D), reflecting a higher PI3K/AKT signaling.