Importantly, the levels of key molecules associated with tumor promotion and progression were also increased in tumors of Ripk3−/− mice relative to WT mice, such as the genes encoding hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (Hif1a), Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (Ido), Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 5A (Wnt5a), and Wnt1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (Wisp1) (Figure 4A). This evidence concerns the gene IDO1 and neoplasm.