In summary, the role of miRNA-106a in the viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, differentiation and iodine uptake function of thyroid cancer cell lines were investigated in the current research and the results indicated that miRNA-106a directly targeting RARB associated with the viability, apoptosis, differentiation and the iodine uptake function of thyroid cancer cell lines by regulating MAPK signaling pathway in vitro. Here, RARB is linked to thyroid gland carcinoma.