The results on receptor expression on NK cells of AML patients after chemotherapy and after treatment with HDC plus IL-2 together with the in vitro data on receptor expression highlight the effects of the chemotherapy to regain expression of the activating receptors NKG2D, NKp30 and NKp46 on NK cells of patients and support the function of IL-2 to maintain high expression. This evidence concerns the gene NCR3 and acute myeloid leukemia.