ESR1 and Familial prostate cancer: In prostate cancer, numerous lncRNAs are associated with resistance to hormonal therapy: the oncogenic lncRNA NEAT1 is a transcriptional activator downtream of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and thus independent from androgen signaling [49], while lncRNAs PRNCR1 and PCGEM1 interact with and activate truncated androgen receptors, leading to androgen independent activation of androgen receptors [50].