AKT1 and gestational diabetes: Compared to the control (Fig 4A), pIRS-1(Ser312) staining in the placentae of GDM patients (Fig 4B) was significantly increased (mean OD: 0.034±0.005 vs 0.083±0.009, p<0.05), while the phosphorylation of Akt was significantly decreased (as control in Fig 4C & GDM in 4D) (mean OD: 0.022±0.007 vs 0.009±0.002, p<0.05).