KDR and hepatocellular carcinoma: Sorafenib, the first and only approved targeted therapy for HCC was developed to disrupt the Ras-Raf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway by specifically targeting Raf-1 kinase and its chemotherapeutic efficacy was correlated with inhibition of MEK and ERK phosphorylation, and other receptor tyrosine kinases, such as VEGFR-2 and 3 [19–21].