AFP and germinoma: Thirty patients in this group were clinically verified as having primary intracranial GCTs (secretory tumors; NG-GCTs or pure germinoma with lightly elevated β-HCG were considered) based on clinical symptoms, signs, neuroimaging characteristics combined with the elevation of AFP/β-HCG levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid, thereby undertaking diagnostic chemotherapy or radiotherapy.