TNF and colorectal carcinoma: At the protein level, high plasma levels of TNF-α has been found in cancer patients and these high plasma levels have been associated with a poor prognosis in various cancers (Abrahamsson et al., 1993, Nakashima et al., 1998) including CRC (Balkwill, 2002).Various studies have demonstrated the role of TNF-α as a key player in the progression of human CRC (Balkwill, 2002, Sharma et al., 2008).