CD8A and neoplasm: PDAC is characterised by an abundant desmoplastic stroma composed of activated stellate cells, extracellular matrix, immunosuppressive cell populations, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), and limited protective immunosurveillance due to the low number of cytotoxic CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) observed in the majority of the patients [3, 4].