SERPINE1 and retinal disorder: A cohort of 1391 type 1 diabetics with either mild or moderate retinopathy or albuminuria or completely free of complications were followed up and carefully assessed over a period of 16–20 years for 3-step progression from baseline in retinopathy score; and the results show that high levels of soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI 1) at baseline are associated with development of retinopathy in patients who had no retinopathy at baseline.