In Brazil, a study evaluated the prognostic value of PCT, CRP, clinical pulmonaryinfection score (CPIS), and SOFA upon admission and at day 4 of follow-up in 71patients with VAP.(43)Survival at 28 days was strongly associated with a decrease in the PCT levelsbetween the evaluation days, with an OR of 5.67, which was higher than thatobtained for the decreases in CRP and SOFA scores (ORs of 3.78 and 3.08,respectively). The gene discussed is CALCA; the disease is ventilator-associated pneumonia.