As primary cell cultures usually resemble the tumour from which they originate more closely than virus-stabilised cell lines, we treated the primary cell culture with sunitinib 2.5 μM and found that it increased the levels of both LC3B and p62/SQSTM1, which accumulated in a time-dependent manner rather than being degraded (Supplementary Figure 4A). Here, MAP1LC3B is linked to neoplasm.