Some data fromin vivo biomarker studies such as those using neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid, suggest that persons with diabetes have more brain atrophy, reduced glucose metabolism, and other changes in markers of neurodegeneration, including alterations in cerebrospinal fluid and phosphorylated tau in particular, that are in keeping with AD (Bakeret al., 2011;Moranet al., 2015;Robertset al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and Brain atrophy.