Genes showing high NAFLD dependent modulation in methylation (category 1) comprise CYP2E1 besides genes coding for HNF4α, HNF1α and CYP2B1, which have been also part of gene cluster 1 as a result of their overlapping functional role in both BA homeostasis and DM. Here, HNF1A is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.