Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed various tissue derivatives of the three germ layers, including neural rosettes (ectoderm), gut-like epithelial tissues (endoderm), and smooth muscle, adipocytes, bone, and cartilage (mesoderm), in both teratoma groups (Fig. 7), confirming the full pluripotency and multi-germ layer differentiation potential of the iPSCs regardless of the PINK1-mediated mitophagy status. This evidence concerns the gene PINK1 and teratoma.