INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Tao et al. fed mice the ethanolamine salt form of Niclosamide and showed it to be efficacious at high nanomolar concentrations (measured with blood sample liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry at various time points) in reducing plasma insulin decline in db/db mice, sensitizing the insulin response, and preventing and treating diabetic symptoms during high fat diet induced obesity in mice.