CRP and cancer: Two referral centre studies have demonstrated an association between histological inflammation score and the development of dysplasia or CRC in patients with UC,99,100 and one case-control study found that every 1-unit increase in histological score independently increased the odds of colorectal neoplasia by a factor of 4.69 [95% CI 2.10–10.48].101 The possible relationship between elevated CRP or erythrocyte sedimentation rate and CRC102 may also support the association between poorly controlled inflammation and cancer risk.