CD4 and HIV infectious disease: Interestingly, among the subjects examined, we found that while the CMV-specific CD4 T-cell proliferative response was persistent and comparable between early and chronic stages (early vs. chronic: 14.2% to 13%; subject 1), the C. albicans-specific CD4 T-cell proliferative response from the same subjects, which was readily detectable at high magnitudes at early HIV infection, was preferentially lost at late HIV infection (early vs. chronic: 42% to 1.1%; subject 1) (Fig 6A).