HIF1A and breast carcinoma: Under hypoxic conditions, HIF-1α stabilizes and translocates to the nucleus, promotes EMT by upregulating EMT-associated transcription activators or repressors, modulating EMT-associated signaling pathways, EMT-associated inflammatory cytokines, and epigenetic regulators.21 It has been shown that the activation of the HIF-1α-mediated canonical hypoxia signaling leads to the upregulation of Twist, Snail, ZEB1, and E12/E47 and enhanced EMT in breast cancer.22, 23, 24