TGFB1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Therefore, the focus of our interest was to evaluate predictors of obesity complications and the effect of childhood obesity on pro-inflammatory cytokines production as TGF-β1, IL-6, and haptoglobin, and to explore the relation between circulating levels of these cytokines and anthropometric measures among prepubertal overweight and obese Egyptian children.