To determine whether the proposed relationship between CSF C1q and NFL may be clinically significant, we next compared expression of CSF complement factors with the presence or absence of cognitive impairment (defined as meeting Frascati criteria for asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment [ANI], mild neurocognitive disorder [MND], or HIV-associated dementia [HAD]). This evidence concerns the gene NEFL and asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment.