IL1RL1 and schizophrenia: In the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, SERPINA3 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the brains of schizophrenics compared with healthy controls.86 The same group confirmed this finding in a second cohort, finding increased SERPINA3 mRNA expression in the medial frontal gyrus in schizophrenia, whereas changes in IL-1RL1 expression were not detected.139 Similar increases of SERPINA3 mRNA expression were reported in two other microarray studies in the frontal cortices of 55 (ref. 93) and 14 (ref. 157) schizophrenia patients and were confirmed by qPCR.