TLR4 and acute kidney injury: Zhang et al. demonstrated that stabilization of renal microtubules by tubulin polymerization and cell cycle arrest suppresses the progression of renal fibrosis in a rat unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model4, and mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced AKI by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)13.