Silencing MUC1-C in THP-1 cells reduced phospho-IKKβ and phospho-NF-κB p65, but had less pronounced effects on IKKβ or NF-κB levels, indicating that MUC1-C is also of importance for activation of the IKK→NF-κB pathway in AML cells (Figure 3A). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and acute myeloid leukemia.