MAPK1 and status epilepticus: In the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model, for example, increased phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1, ERK2, and p38MAPK has been demonstrated in the acute period (up to 12 hours after status epilepticus) and protein kinase B in the latent period (5 days after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus) (Lopes et al., 2012).