DDX41 and myeloid neoplasm: Individuals with germline DDX41 mutations typically develop normal karyotype, high grade myeloid neoplasms, including a variety of MDS subtypes (refractory cytopenias with multilineage dysplasia, refractory anemia with excess blasts, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), and 5q-syndrome), all with apparently poor prognosis.