PAX5 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): In line with our findings, the transcriptional activator of the TRPML-2 gene [26], Paired box 5 (PAX5), also known as B-cell lineage specific activator protein, has been found to be overexpressed in human astrocytoma tissues, and its expression correlates with increasing malignancy and pathological grade [27].