NPPB and congestive heart failure: For example, elevated levels of BNP are associated with congestive heart failure [18] and D-dimer [19] is elevated in any clinical circumstance in which both clot formation and subsequent fibrinolysis are increased, including deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute myocardial infarction, surgery, and trauma.