In analyses of the contribution of HCC risk factors to the five differentially mutated genes and two pathways between Asian American and EA patients, controlling for the risk factors, as well as age at diagnosis, gender, and family history of cancer, had no apparent impact on the any of the ethnic differences that were associated with these risk factors, including TP53, RB1, TRPM3, and negative regulation of the IL17 production pathway. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and cancer.