Four SNPs (rs17875380, rs41557518, rs114465251, and rs115492845), in nonclassical class I alleles, were shown to be associated with altered susceptibility to HBV or HCC, while HLA-F ∗01:04, HLA-G ∗01:05N, and HLA-E ∗01:01 are associated with hepatitis B or hepatitis B complicated with HCC. Here, HLA-E is linked to hepatitis B virus infection.