CACNA1C and bipolar disorder: CACNA1C, which encodes the LTCC Cav1.2 α1 subunit, is most robustly linked; single nucleotide polymorphisms at this locus show association with bipolar disorder in genome-wide association studies62, 63, 64 and rare variants are linked with bipolar disorder in multiply-affected families.65CACNA1C is further implicated by whole-genome sequencing of bipolar disorder patients and controls,66 and by its altered expression in the frontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder.67 These findings together increase the rationale for therapeutic targeting of LTCCs, in particular Cav1.2.