MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Typical pathological features in the brain of AD patients are (a) intra-neuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) of predominantly hyper phosphorylated tau protein; (b) extracellular deposition of senile plaques mainly composed of aggregated amyloid β (Aβ) peptide and (c) neuronal atrophy, starting in the entorhinal region and the temporal lobe, and progressing to the limbic system and major areas of the neocortex, as reviewed in [3,4,5,6,7].