Other common somatic mutations and hepatitis B virus integrations in hepatocellular carcinoma. Some of the other common mutations in HCC involve the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, including mutations in the β-catenin (CTNNB1) (18–40%), AXIN1 and AXIN2 genes31–33. Here, CTNNB1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.