Herein, we show that the expression of CD33 and Notch-1 correlate in the same leukemia cell lines, and that Notch-1 positive leukemia cells are targeted by L-fucose-bound liposomes, Fuc-Liposome-daunorubicin particles were found to inhibit the growth of Notch-1 positive cells in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model, and suppressed Notch-1 positive, but not Notch-1 negative, AML cells derived from patients. This evidence concerns the gene NOTCH1 and acute myeloid leukemia.