AKT1 and breast carcinoma: As the most important factor that triggers EMT, TGF-β1 mediates the EMT process via numerous intracellular signaling pathways, including the Smad pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), PI3K/Akt and small GTPases in HL-60 leukemia, Panc-1 human pancreatic and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells [57,58,59].