Recently, the role of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling through mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) or mTORC2 in regulating human protein translation and ribosome biogenesis have been extensively investigated [52], and their roles in the TFAM-KD 786-O RCC cells with mitochondrial dysfunction deserved discussion. Here, TFAM is linked to renal cell carcinoma.